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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social communication and interaction, restricted and repetitive behaviors, interests and activities, and abnormal perception.Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the common comorbid mental diseases of ASD.Accurate identification of the obsessive-compulsive symptoms and OCD comorbidity of ASD and early intervention are essential for the prognosis of patients.However, there are few domestic studies on comorbid OCD in ASD.Based on previous studies abroad, the progress of research on the epidemiology, etiology and neural mechanism, clinical characteristics, evaluation, diagnosis, intervention and treatment of comorbid OCD in ASD was reviewed in this paper.It aims to identify the manifestations of OCD in ASD patients in the early stage and improve the prognosis of patients.
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This paper reviews the development of disability acceptance assessment tools for disabled patients, analyzes the status quo and impact of disability acceptance of patients with different diseases, and studies on intervention strategies to improve disability acceptance, so as to provide basis for better improving the quality of life of disabled patients.
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Gastric cancer is a common digestive system malignancy. Surgical operation is the main treatment of radical treatment for gastric cancer. Pulmonary infection is a common postoperative complication of gastric cancer. Because there is no clear and unified definition of pulmonary complications, the current researches show that the incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection of gastric cancer is about 1.8%-18.1%. The incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection will prolong the hospital stay, increase the cost of hospitalization, and even develop into respiratory failure leading to early postoperative death. There are many factors affecting postoperative pulmonary infection of gastric cancer, including age, smoking history, pulmonary function, pulmonary disease history, operation method, operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, gastric tube retention time, postoperative lying time and so on. There are also many perioperative interventions. This article reviews the risk factors and perioperative interventions of postoperative pulmonary infection of gastric cancer.
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Humans , Gastrectomy/adverse effects , Perioperative Care/methods , Pneumonia/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Stomach Neoplasms/surgeryABSTRACT
Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI), with clinical manifestation, diagnosis and pathological mechanism consistent with acute lung injury(ALI), belongs to a sub-category of ALI. Excessive deposition of fibrin in lung is one of the characteristic of ALI, and reversing fibrin formation is of great significance to intervene ALI. The decrease of fibrinolytic activity is one of the important causes of excessive deposition of fibrin in lung, and also the important pathological feature of TRALI. This article discusses the potential of modulating fibrinolytic activity to intervene TRALI from the perspective of regulating the effectiveness of fibrinolytic activity to intervene ALI.
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Objective To explore the effect of nursing intervention based on the transtheoretical model and stages of change on breastfeeding knowledge, self-efficacy, and duration of breastfeeding in newly born pregnant women, aimed to provide reference for breastfeeding behavior health education model for pregnant women. Methods The 130 primiparas who came to the hospital graded a class- three of Shanxi Province for perinatal examination were selected as the research subjects from May to June in 2017 , they were divided into test group and control group by random digits table method. In the control group, the normal breastfeeding health guidance was carried out in the three stages of prenatal, hospitalized and after discharge. The test group divided the primipara from the beginning of pregnancy to 6th months postpartum period into 5 stages according to transtheoretical model and stages of change. The new strategy of breastfeeding should be formulated and implemented according to different stages and behavior changing processes. Results The total score of breastfeeding knowledge of primipara were (8.76±1.14), (8.92±1.21), (9.90±1.27), (9.94±1.29) points in control group before intervention, the 3rd day, the 42nd day and the 6th month after delivery, and they were (9.11 ± 1.42), (12.02 ± 1.64), (13.04 ± 1.67), (15.00±1.83) points respectively in test group, the differences were statistically significant(Ftime= 51.823, Fgroup=10.406, Finteractive=56.641, all P < 0.05). The total scores of breastfeeding self-efficacy of primipara were (84.62 ± 1.14), (88.96 ± 1.41), (86.65 ± 1.47), (84.31 ± 1.57) points respectively in control group before intervention, the 3rd day, the 42nd day and the 6th month after delivery, while in test group they were (84.98 ± 1.20), (104.02 ± 1.42), (111.00 ± 1.45), (120.04 ± 1.40) points, the differences were statistically significan (Ftime=12.592, Fgroup=229.674, Finteractive=79.955, all P<0.05). The pure breastfeeding rates of primipara were 60.0％(33/55) , 41.8％(23/55), 21.8％(12/55) in control group on the 3rd day, the 42nd day and the 6th month after delivery, they were 84.7％(50/59), 76.3％(45/59) , 49.2％(29/59) in the test group. The differences was statistically significant (χ2=8.804, 14.038, 9.235, all P <0.01). Conclusion Breastfeeding intervention based on the theory of behavioral staged transition can help primipara to improve breastfeeding knowledge and self-efficacy, and improve breastfeeding status.
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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of five-step sequential method for hemorrhagic radiation cystitis.Methods From April 2015 to April 2018,512 cases of hemorrhagic radiation cystitis patients in 6 provincial tumor hospital were retrospectively analyzed.12 cases were male patients,and 497 cases were female.Patients'average age was (60.1 ± 8.2) years (53-71 years).Hematuria appeared in 2.9 years on average after radiotherapy(ranged 0.5 to 13 years).According to the severity of hematuria,480 patients were classified as mild and 32 patients as severe.The step 1 was drug conservative symptomatic treatment.Thrombin solution or sodium hyaluronate was used for bladder perfusion in step 2.The step 3 was transurethral electrocoagulation.The step 4 was interventional embolization.The step 5 was hyperbaric oxygen therapy.Mild patients were treated from the first step,and the severe patients were treated rom step 3,and combined with step 1.Overactive bladder symptom score (OABSS) was used to assess the improvement of patients'symptoms.Results No obvious complications occurred in step 1,2,3,5.Mild hip pain occurred at step 4.Recurrent hemorrhage rate were 6.7％ (2/30) in mild patients group and 10.5％ (2/19) in severe respectively in step 4.The total effective rate of step 1 in mild patients group was 65.2％ (313/480),step 1 + 2 was 84.2％ (404/480),step 1 + 2 + 3 was 95.6％ (459/480),step 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 was 98.3％ (472/480),and step 1 +2 +3 +4 +5 was 100％ (480/480).The effective rate of step 3 + 1 treatment was 59.4％ (19/32) in severe patients group,step 3 + 1 + 4 was 68.8％ (22/32),and step 3 + 1 +4 +5 was 100％ (32/32).The OABSS scores of mild and severe patients decreased after treatment (P＜0.01).Condusion Five-step sequential therapy could be an effective method for the treatment of hemorrhagic radiation cystitis.
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Objective To explore the effect of trans theoretical model in changing on healthy behavior of soldiers on plateau area to prevent hemorrhoids. Methods Fifty-four soldiers respectively from the artillery troops and air defenses force troops were selected and divided into control group that received normal healthy education and treatment group that received the healthy behavior intervene based on transtheoretical model and the changes of the behavior at each stage of intervention were observed and contrasted between two groups. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the number of each stage between two groups at 1 and 3 months after intervention (χ2= 1.514, 6.554, P> 0.05). The number of former intention stage, intention stage, preparation stage, action stage, maintain stage at 6 months after intervention in treatment group were respectively 0, 0, 0, 15, 39 cases, and 2, 3, 6, 20, 23 cases in control group respectively, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=15.843, P0.05). The number of daily training of the levator ani less than 5, 6-15, 16-25, 26-35,>35 times at 3, 6 months after intervention respectively was 5, 6, 6, 17 cases and 20, 0, 0, 0, 14, 40 cases in treatment group respectively, 9, 13, 14, 10, 8 cases, and 3, 4, 6, 22, 19 cases in control group,the differences were statistically significant (χ2=13.459, 22.252, P<0.01). The incidence of bloody at 6 months after intervention was 3.70% (2/54) in treatment group and 16.67% (9/54) in control group, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 4.960, P < 0.05). Conclusions The intervene based on transtheoretical model can effectively promote the healthy behavior to prevent hemorrhoids and reduce the recurrence rate of hemorrhoids.
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Objective To explore the effects of zinc selenium tea (ZST) on glucose and lipid metabolism.Methods Rats were divided into groups C,CH,CHT and ZTH.After being fed on high-fat,high-sugar diets for seven weeks,group ZTH was irrigated with ZST for eleven weeks,while group CHT was irrigated with green tea.FBG was measured weekly.Levels of blood glucose and lipid were detected.Results FBG at 45,60,or 120 min was lower in ZTH than in CHT in week 12 (P ＜ 0.01).In the 6th and 1 lth week,level of FBG was in group CHT ＞ CH ＞ ZTH ＞ C.FBG in week 11 was lower in group ZTH than in group CHT (P ＜ 0.05).Levels of TG,TC,HDL-C,and LDL-C were lower in group ZTH than in group CH (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Zinc selenium tea can lower blood levels of glucose,lipid,and cholesterol in rats fed with high-fat,high-sugar diets.
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Objective To investigate the effect of cluster interventions for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)on mechanical ventilation.Methods A total of 110 patients with mechanical ventilation more than 48 hours at the intensive care unit(ICU)between April 2011 and June 2012 were randomly divided into three groups:control group(n=36),subglottic secre-tion drainage(SSD)group(n=37),cluster(CL)group(n=37).At the end of study,VAP incidence rate,VAP related death rate, duration of mechanical ventilation,ICU length of stay(LOS)were investigated and compared among the three groups.Results The morbidities of VAP between control group and SSD group were significantly different in the third day,the 7th day of mechanical ventilation.The morbidity of VAP of CL group was lower than that of control group,The morbidity of VAP of CL group was lower than that SSD group in the over 9 day.and its duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU LOS were significantly lower than those of SSD group and control group.However,there was no significant difference of VAP related death rate among the three groups. Conclusion Strictly implement semi-supine position and oropharynx intervention strategies of each link in mechanical ventilation that has important significance to preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the role clinical nutrition pharmacist in individual nutrition support for intestinal fistula patients. METHODS: The clinical nutritional treatment for intestinal fistula patient who had liver function damage was analyzed according to a case and individualized nutritional therapy was applied based on organ function change the patient. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Pharmaceutical care carried out in the whole process clinical nutrition support on intestinal fistula patients by clinical pharmacists, prevent and reduce the potential complications and the incidence adverse drug reactions, regulate the nutrition status patients, improve the prognosis patients.
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OBJECTIVE: To survey the problems encountered by parents when giving medicines to children, the parent's understanding of different preparations and their expectation for medication education, with the goal of finding possible intervention methods of safe medication of children at home. METHODS: The survey was conducted in Hangzhou Youth Palace with self-designed questionnaire. The respondents were all common parents. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The survey results suggested that there are a lot of problems in children's medication. It is very necessary to conduct safe medication education in parents by providing various forms of medication education products. The role of pharmacists in medication education of children need to be strengthened.
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Objective:Surgery intervention and its effect on pregnancy heart disease were explored. Meth-ods:Retrospective review of 34 cases of pregnancy heart disease who needed surgery intervention from Jan, 2000 to Dec,2007 was done. Results:17 patients had percutaneous balloon mitral valve (PBMV) dilatation, the area of mitral valve enlarged markedly postoperatively ( P <0.01 ). 9 patients had open chest surgery un-der extracorpory circulation,7 of them had re-replacement mechanical valve due to mechanical valve throm-bosis. One patient had left atrium mucomamectomy. One patient had Wad's sinus breakout and repairmen. 5 patients had Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for supraventricular tachycardia. 3 patients had int-racardiac device (ICD) for Ⅲ grade atrioventicular block. 22 patients had cardiac function as grade Ⅲ～Ⅳ and postoperatively recovered to grade Ⅰ～Ⅱ . All 34 patients were alive after treatment, 23 fetus were alive (67.6%), and no adverse results were found during the follow-up. Conclusions:When patients who had pregnancy heart disease need surgery intervention, individualized treatment plan should be made by multidis-cipline experienced doctors according to different heart disease and cardiac function.
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Objective To explore the construction of TCM psychological crisis interventional theoretical system.Methods Based on the experience of TCM psychological medical group participated in the crisis intervention therapy after the earthquake,we draw a theoretical conclusion and made arrangement from the perspective of the disciplinary development of TCM psychology.Result We developed some assumptions to build the TCM psychological crisis intervention theory which conformed to the Chinese situation.Conclusion The building of crisis intervention theory must conform to Chinese situation and Can be applicable to lead the practice.The theory in this article should be enriched and improved in practice later.
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Objective To study the method and therapeutic results of intra-arterial interventional treatment (selective intra-arterial fibrinolysis) in acute cerebral infarction(ACl).Methods A total of 106 patients with ACI are divided into two groups:selective intra-arterial fibrinolytic therapy group(SIAF),intra-venously thrombolysis group(IVF);SIAF is selective entered into the obliterative artery with improved Seldinger's technich,pumped urokinase(UK) in a dose of 500 000 i.u.in NS.60ml within 40 minutes;arteriography is done all the time to know if the obliterative artery is unobstruct- ed,if it remains obstructe,then pumps 300 000 i.u.of UK,as long as it unobstructed,the treatment is finished at once; IVF is injected 1000 000 i.u.of UK in NS.150 mL by intravenous drip within 40 minutes,others like SIAF.Results The artery is disobliteration after thrombolysis,48 patients in SIAF,30 patients in IVF,P
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The conflict between doctors′ special right to intervene and patients′ right of informed consent is a main cause of the current tense doctor-patient relationship with the absence of related legislation.This article gave suggestions on legislation and possible ways for solving the problems after analyzing the two rights from the angles of basic connotation,research progress of comparative law,and the underlying reason for the two rights′ conflict.
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The case of LI Li-yun involves the right of life,the right of informed consent and the special right to intervene from the inspection of right.By analyzing the concepts of three kinds of rights and discussing the conflicts between the right of informed consent,the right of life,and the special right to intervene,it presents the principles of equity of right and the measures of legal insurance which are essential conditions to end this kind of tragedy.
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Self-forgiveness is a component of forgiveness trait. It’s not only the response to the wrongdoing,but also a character of the individual. It can help the subjects dismiss negative emotion and inner conflict,help the subjects reduce depression and anxiety,and improve their sociality and life-satisfaction. The author has reviewed relative articles in recent years with the emphasis on exploring the definition,the factors of self-forgiveness and the relation between self-forgiveness and mental health.